Instruments for stomach examination – fibre-optic instruments (various endoscopes) and thin impedance- (resistance-) measuring devices are used for the instrumental examination of the stomach.
These have to be swallowed by the patient, which is more unpleasant than painful.
However, with close cooperation with the doctor and the specialist nurse and a little self-discipline, it does not put too much strain on patients.
Radiological and isotope methods are painless procedures in themselves, and usually require swallowing a contrast agent.
